Akar Nusa / All peoples / Orang Asli

Peoples of Malaysia

Orang Asli

28 storiesComing soon 12

Includes

Stories written

First peoples · 3 min read

Who are the Orang Asli? The first peoples of the Peninsula

Eighteen peoples, three big groups, one very old home.

60,000 years ago to today
First peoples · 3 min read

The three big groups: Semang, Senoi and Proto-Malay

How scholars group the 18 peoples and why the groups are not neat boxes.

to today
First peoples · 3 min read

Semang (Negrito): the oldest line in the forest

Small-bodied hunter-gatherers whose DNA is among the oldest in Asia.

50,000 years ago to today
First peoples · 3 min read

Senoi: farmers who came with the mainland

Senoi speak Austroasiatic languages linked to mainland Southeast Asia.

about 4,000 to 5,000 years ago
First peoples · 3 min read

Proto-Malay peoples: the southern Orang Asli

Peoples of the south and coast whose languages and genes mix island and mainland.

4,000 years ago to today
First peoples · 3 min read

Kensiu: forest people of Kedah and Perlis border

A small Semang group, known for rainforest knowledge.

to today
First peoples · 3 min read

Jahai: forest foragers of Perak and Kelantan

Known for blowpipes, smell vocabulary and long walks.

to today
First peoples · 3 min read

Bateq: forest peoples of Kelantan, Terengganu and Pahang

Anthropologists have studied how Bateq share food and settle disputes.

to today
First peoples · 3 min read

Temiar: dream songs and the forest

The largest Senoi group of Kelantan and Perak, known for dream-based song.

to today
First peoples · 3 min read

Semai: the largest Orang Asli people

A highland people known for peaceful village life.

to today
First peoples · 3 min read

Mah Meri: carvers of Carey Island

Mask and ancestral carvings of the Mah Meri are known across the world.

to today
First peoples · 3 min read

Temuan: the people of the Selangor and Negeri Sembilan hills

One of the largest Proto-Malay groups, living near the capital.

to today
First peoples · 3 min read

Orang Asli languages: Austroasiatic and Malayic

Their languages carry old links to Cambodia, Vietnam and Myanmar.

4,000 years ago to today
First peoples · 3 min read

How we tell Orang Asli stories: consent and respect

Our own rules for telling these pages with permission and credit.

to today
The sea peoples · 3 min read

Orang Laut: sea nomads of the Straits

Boat dwellers who kept the Straits of Melaka alive.

1,500 years ago to today
Melaka · 4 min read

The Johor-Riau world

A Malay sultanate that lived across the sea, not on one coast.

1511 to 1824

Coming soon

First peoples · Coming soon

Kintaq: the Semang of the Kedah-Perak border

A small community that moves seasonally in the Baling forest.

to today
First peoples · Coming soon

Lanoh: the Semang of Perak

A small people who keep hunting and gathering skills near the Perak river.

to today
First peoples · Coming soon

Mendriq: forest people of Kelantan

A small Semang community of the Kelantan interior.

to today
First peoples · Coming soon

Semoq Beri: forest people of Pahang

A Senoi people living near the Tahan and Pahang rivers.

to today
First peoples · Coming soon

Che Wong: the Orang Asli of Krau

Known for sharing forest knowledge near the Krau Wildlife Reserve.

to today
First peoples · Coming soon

Jah Hut: carvers of the Pahang hills

Their wood carving is admired by museums around the world.

to today
First peoples · Coming soon

Semelai: people of the Tasek Bera wetland

A Proto-Malay people living with a great swamp.

to today
First peoples · Coming soon

Jakun: the people of the Johor and Pahang rivers

A large Proto-Malay group living in many places at once.

to today
First peoples · Coming soon

Orang Kanaq: forest people of Johor

A small Proto-Malay people of the Johor forest.

to today
First peoples · Coming soon

Orang Kuala: people of the river mouth

A coastal Orang Asli people of the Johor and Melaka coast.

to today
First peoples · Coming soon

Orang Seletar: sea people of the Johor Straits

A coastal Orang Asli people tied to the Straits and the old Johor-Riau world.

to today
First peoples · Coming soon

Orang Asli and the forest: knowledge that kept it alive

Names, medicines and maps in the memory of forest peoples.

to today

Places in these stories

Peninsular MalaysiaNorthern PeninsulaCentral highlandsSouthern PeninsulaBalingKedah and SatunThailandBelum-TemengorPerakKelantanTaman Negara areaPahangCarey IslandSelangorNegeri SembilanMelakaStraits of MelakaRiauJohorSingaporeKedahJohor coast

Family lines linked in these stories

DNA does not decide who anyone is. It does not show race, religion or any legal status. Every community tells its own story first, and we tell the DNA part with respect.

Laboratory standards

Our DNA tests are run with our laboratory partners. These are the standards they work to.

What each standard covers